Track: Sustainability and Green Systems

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) have undergone tremendous advancement as a result of battery technology advancement and reduction in the cost of batteries. Few years ago, electric vehicles were much expensive compared to the
conventional vehicles. The current development is redesign of the  infrastructure and further advances in battery technology in terms of charging and charge storage and cost reduction. The transport sector is a leading contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and measures have to be put in place to reduce these emissions. Measures being undertaken in the energy sector include development of alternative electric and/or hydrogen powertrains and replacement of the hydrocarbon fuels and internal combustion engine (ICE) designs. To realise large scale penetration of electric vehicles (EV), there is need for adequate charging infrastructure. Road transport is a large emitter of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and therefore electric mobility provides huge potential to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. The various V2X technologies are V2G, G2V, V2H, V2V. These technologies enable the electric cars to play a grid role not just as power consumers, but as decentralised power sources as well.
The vehicle to grid (V2G) and grid to vehicle (G2V) technology be used to have EVs may clustered via aggregator to offer grid power services like load leveling, voltage regulation, and peak shaving, at a lower cost and with less
environmental impact. Therefore, smart grid technology deployment will enhance the operation and control of electric vehicles making them important energy transition facility
Key Words: Energy transition, electric cars; electrification of transport; energy transition