The urgent need for reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions continues to grow. Countries worldwide, including Indonesia, have started investing large amounts of resources into new renewable energy sources. Biomass co-firing can play an important role in the achievement of these new renewable energy objectives. It has the potential to reduce the potential environmental impacts associated with fossil fuel combustion. In the co-firing process, it is possible to reduce GHG emissions by replacing some coal with biomass during the combustion process. This article aims to identify barriers and drivers in implementing biomass worldwide through a literature review with a bibliometric analysis approach. In addition, this article will investigate the existing co-firing plants in Indonesia with the availability of available biomass resources in the country associated with the barriers that have been successfully identified. This article is very important for the development and utilization of biomass energy to generate recommendations and future strategies for biomass utilization. It is also useful for researchers to select future areas of research.