ABSTRACT— The rapid depletion of petroleum fuels and their ever increasing costs by time, not as environment friendly so it have led to an intensive search for alternative fuels. The most promising substitutes for petroleum fuels are the alcohols, propane, biodiesel, electricity. Some alternative fuels are more energy efficient. Methanol (CH₃OH) can be produced from coal, a relatively abundant fossil fuel. Ethanol (C₂H₅OH) can be produced by fermentation of carbohydrates which occur naturally and abundantly in plants like sugarcane and from starchy plants like corn and potatoes. So these are easily available.

As the same way Biodiesel is renewable energy source and can be produced domestically from agricultural oils and from waste fats and oils. With its ability to be used directly in existing diesel engines, bio-diesel reduce our demand on petroleum in the engine. Bio-diesel can be used in diesel engines without modifications and can be blended with petro-diesel fuel effectively.

Propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a popular alternative fuel choice for vehicles because there is already an infrastructure of pipelines and storage for its efficient distribution. Propane is produced as a by-product of natural gas processing and crude oil refining. The cost of a gasoline equivalent of propane is generally less, so driving a propane vehicle can save money.

Electricity have lower "fuel" and maintenance costs than gasoline-powered vehicles. Vehicles that operate only on electricity require no warm-up, run almost silently and have excellent performance up to the limit of their range. Also, electric cars are cheap to "refuel."

KEYWORS- Renewable energy sources, Biodiesel, Blending.reduced. One acre of corn can produce 300 gal. of ethanol per growing season.

RAMESH KUMAR

Affiliation

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Green Energy as an Alternative Fuels in I C Engine