Optimizing a shaft machining process is critical to reaching the quality requirements specified by the customer. Thus, the study's objective is to define the appropriate parameters to optimize the axle machining process used in a didactic experiment in a laboratory of manufacturing processes in a public university. For this, an Experimental Project was carried out to reach the best fit to minimize the shaft shape error and improve the process quality. To develop this study, the experiment design is based on the 2K factorial design methodology and ANOVA analysis. The findings show that the shape error is related to the interaction between feed rate, depth of cut and tool tip radius.