The inadequate management of medical waste represents one of the current environmental challenges facing the planet, being a major contributor to the emergence of waste in water bodies, soil erosion, and air pollution from contaminating gasses. In Peru, although medical waste management is gaining increasing importance and interest as a health management issue, information on environmental impact measurement strategies conducted in the country remains very limited. Therefore, this work aims to highlight the current constraints of the medical waste management system in Peru, identify and select environmental management alternatives, and promote future research. Through a qualitative methodological design of research/action type, the Leopold Matrix is utilized to assess the environmental impact generated in a hospital in the country, alongside a literature review concerning current environmental challenges to propose strategies for mitigating the current environmental effects resulting from these impacts. Consequently, alternative technologies are presented, which should be identified as potential solutions and adapted to the various regimes and/or limitations of the country.