In this study, we integrate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) multicriteria analysis to identify the most suitable sites for Photovoltaic (PV) power plants in Qatar. With Qatar's National Vision 2030 emphasizing a gradual shift toward sustainable energy, strategic investment in solar energy is paramount. To make the system as efficient as possible and to minimize environmental impact, we assess spatial parameters of solar radiation, elevation, slope proximity (grids and roads, land use), temperature, and soil type in comparative analysis. Using judgments from identified experts, we implement the AHP technique to determine the individual weights of nine relevant criteria. Next, factor scores were calculated using GIS data, and a weighted overlay analysis was subsequently conducted, resulting in the complete suitability map for the entire country. The results of the analyses demonstrate that, as one can expect, the places in Qatar characterized by high solar irradiance, flat topography, and strong infrastructure access correspond to the highest suitability for PV sites, located in the eastern, southern, and central parts of the country. In the end, the proposed spatial decision-support model serves near and long-term sustainability objectives in Qatar by identifying cost-efficient utility-scale solar development regions.

Keywords

Qatar, Solar Energy, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Site Selection.