Ground Support Equipment (GSE), institutionally referred to as Equipo Terrestre de Apoyo Aeronáutico (ETAA), is essential for sustaining military aerospace operations and operational readiness. However, the Colombian Aerospace Force (COLAF) currently lacks a standardized framework for maintenance capability management and technical knowledge preservation across its air units, generating asymmetries in maintenance performance, infrastructure conditions, personnel competencies, and resource allocation. This research proposes an integrated capability-based framework for the standardization and distribution of GSE maintenance capabilities within the Colombian Aerospace Force (COLAF). The study pursued three objectives: (1) diagnosing the current state of maintenance capabilities and technical knowledge management; (2) identifying strategic alternatives for maintenance standardization and capability distribution through the Guía Metodológica de Planeamiento por Capacidades established by the Colombian Ministry of National Defense (2018) and (3) designing a hierarchical maintenance framework integrating capability planning, modular technical training, and institutional knowledge-management mechanisms. The methodology combined documentary analysis, operational data assessment, interviews, Pareto analysis, SWOT/TOWS analysis, and capability-gap assessment under the Guía Metodológica de Planeamiento por Capacidades established by the Colombian Ministry of National Defense (2018) and MAMAE (2025) quality attributes. The results revealed significant variability in equipment availability, maintenance workload, tooling availability, infrastructure conditions, and technical competencies among operational units, as well as deficiencies in maintenance doctrine, process standardization, and technical knowledge-transfer mechanisms. The principal contribution of this research is the development of an innovative maintenance capability-planning model specifically adapted to distributed military maintenance environments, integrating maintenance standardization, capability distribution, and technical knowledge management into a unified and scalable framework.