This study presents a systematic literature review of the theoretical, methodological, and architectural frameworks used to study and improve value co-creation within the financial advisory service sector. Using a PRISMA-guided review of engineering-oriented studies published between 2016 and 2026, the review synthesizes how financial advisory value is defined, theorized, and reconfigured amid rapid digital and regulatory evolution. The findings indicate that while financial advice is traditionally viewed through a human-centric, trust-based lens, it is increasingly being operationalized as a complex socio-technical service system shaped by digital transformation, Industry 4.0, and Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) principles of human-machine symbiosis. Methodologically, the field is transitioning from fragmented, siloed analyses of technology or regulation toward an increasingly integrated approach that acknowledges the heightened connectivity of entities that co-create value within the sector. From an engineering perspective, the review indicates that financial advisory value emerges from the dynamic configuration and interaction of these entities, which align closely with Service Systems Engineering (SSE) constructs. These entities range from human actors and digital information enablers to physical infrastructures and environmental constraints. Positioning financial advisory actors as service system entities enables more rigorous assessment of their interactions and facilitates the identification and evaluation of emerging trends within each domain. Understanding how these trends collectively influence system‑level reconfiguration provides a conceptual foundation for advancing SSE‑based analyses of the financial advisory sector.
Financial Advisory as a Service System: A Systematic Review of Value Co‑Creation Frameworks, Processes, and Engineering Implications
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