Universities are essential pillars for advancing sustainable development through innovation ecosystems. These ecosystems are networks that foster collaboration among universities, research organisations, public institutions (including innovation hubs), and private sector entities. The university's role encompasses promoting research, technology transfer, innovation, and industrialisation (known as Education 5.0 in Zimbabwe), all of which are aligned with sustainability objectives. This positions universities not just as repositories of knowledge but as central hubs that drive progress by connecting and engaging stakeholders. Research and innovation ecosystems act as catalysts for achieving sustainable industrialisation, supporting industrial and economic growth. They are vital in developing and deploying advanced technologies, processes, and business models that enable industries to operate efficiently and sustainably. This includes creating innovative products and materials with lower environmental impact and encouraging circular economic models that focus on reuse, recycling, and resource recovery. Research and innovation activities cultivate a dynamic landscape that unlocks transformative solutions to complex sustainability challenges and helps industries contribute to a greener future. This paper examines the essential role of research and innovation ecosystems in fostering sustainable industrialisation, highlighting key elements such as fostering collaboration, leveraging digital technologies, integrating circular economy principles, and mobilising investment for impactful research development.