A Finite Element (FE) modelling method incorporating experimental validation is introduced to simulate the pavement road undulation response of two-dimensional Unbound Granular Materials (UGM).  UGM are frequently used in flexible paving roads to accommodate dynamic loads with fluctuating frequency.  Simulations were conducted for 08-18 kg using both implicit and explicit dynamic analyses.  Predictions were juxtaposed with actual outcomes, demonstrating that two-dimensional (2D) modelling of the UGM yields a predicted damage area that closely matches the experimental results.

Keywords

Pavement Undulations, Finite Element Modelling, Experimental Validation.