Value Stream Mapping (VSM) is widely used in lean manufacturing to analyze material and information flows; however, its conventional application remains largely limited to static and periodic analysis. In manufacturing settings that are becoming more digital and dynamic, this application scope limits VSM's ability to help with continuous and data-driven decision-making. This study conducts a systematic literature review that explores the application of VSM in the context of Industry 4.0 and digital manufacturing technologies. The review synthesizes research on traditional VSM, Industry 4.0 capabilities, and emerging Digital VSM concepts to identify recurring patterns, methodological limitations, and unresolved research gaps. The synthesis shows that existing integration approaches are predominantly fragmented and tool-centric, emphasizing localized digital enhancements rather than systematic value stream monitoring and control. Based on these findings, the study derives a conceptual framework for Digital Value Stream Mapping (DVSM). The framework links lean value stream logic with digital data acquisition, analytical evaluation, and monitoring and control mechanisms within a unified conceptual structure. Rather than proposing a prescriptive system design, the framework clarifies how VSM can evolve toward continuous, data-driven value stream management.  By consolidating dispersed research and structuring the role of digital technologies in value stream management, this study provides a conceptual basis for future empirical investigation and for the development of consistent performance indicators to support digital value stream monitoring and control. The proposed framework is the base for future research work, which will clarify all concepts, tools, and methods that will be used to convert the framework into an implemented model.

Keywords: Lean Manufacturing; Value Stream Mapping; Industry 4.0; Digital Value Stream; Smart Manufacturing.