This research addresses the critical problem of fluid sloshing within tank trucks, a phenomenon that significantly compromises vehicle stability, safety, and braking performance during acceleration, deceleration, and cornering. Given the intensive transportation of liquid cargo notably petroleum derivatives in oil-centric economies like Kuwait, as well as water for agricultural sectors effective mitigation of this internal wave formation is paramount for public safety and environmental protection.
The core objective of this paper is to optimize the internal structure design of truck tanks to minimize the sloshing effect. This involved a case study focusing on existing tank designs in Kuwait. The research methodology was built on (CFD) analysis. Validation: The CFD model was rigorously validated by successfully replicating the results of an established academic study on liquid sloshing. Benchmark: An initial benchmark design was established based on field data gathered from local manufacturing sectors in Kuwait and subsequently modelled in SolidWorks Flow Simulation. Optimization: The internal geometry of the baffles was iteratively altered and analyzed. The optimization process yielded substantial improvements. The final design configuration demonstrated a significant reduction in the dynamic pressure exerted by the sloshing fluid, showing an improvement of up to 83.4% compared to the initial smooth design. This paper successfully validates a CFD-based methodology for slosh mitigation and presents a practical, optimized baffle geometry for enhanced safety. The findings affirm that structural optimization is a highly effective means of stabilizing liquid cargo transport, and further exploration of advanced internal geometries is warranted to fully eliminate the dynamic sloshing risk.