Abstract
In Valuka, Bangladesh, the textile industry's explosive growth has greatly boosted the local economy while also putting a great deal of strain on the environment due to unplanned industrial expansion and the release of untreated wastewater. In order to assess the spatiotemporal effects of textile industry wastewater on land use and land cover (LULC), vegetation health, and urban heat dynamics over a 20-year period, this study combines geospatial techniques with environmental analysis. While secondary data and field observations were utilized to confirm wastewater pollution hotspots, satellite-based indicators like the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) were obtained from multi-temporal Landsat datasets (2004–2024). The findings show that between 1994 and 2024, there was a significant decrease in vegetative cover (-1.72%), which was accompanied by an increase in populated areas and bare land. Higher LST values (28 to +5°C), significant NDVI degradation, and strong associations with untreated wastewater discharge were observed in areas close to textile clusters. The results demonstrate how industrial effluents exacerbate the urban heat island (UHI) effect, speed up ecological deterioration, and jeopardize local climate resilience. In order to reduce industrial pollution and encourage resilient urban development, this study emphasizes the significance of combining GIS-based monitoring with sustainable wastewater management regulations. For other quickly industrializing areas dealing with comparable environmental issues, the methodological framework can be used as a transferable model.
Keywords: Textile, wastewater pollution, NDVI, LST analysis, Sustainable urban development