The ready-made Garments (RMG) sector of Bangladesh is the country's largest export earner and second-largest global apparel exporter after China. Despite its important economic role, this sector has long been plagued by supply chain management (SCM) issues, including transparency, inefficiency and adherence. Blockchain Technology (BT) has emerged as a promising solution to these challenges for its potential by improving traceability, security and trust among supply chain stakeholders. Although most research has focused on economic and safety-related issues, few studies have applied the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework to examine barriers to BT adoption, highlighting a research gap for sustainable and long-term competitiveness in the RMG sector. This study addresses this gap by identifying ten key barriers through a literature review with expert surveys from the RMG industry and academic circles. Further, the construction is modeled using the Best-Worst Method (BWM) to determine the relative importance of identified barriers, while the Graph Theory and Matrix Approach (GTMA) is used to model interrelationships and rank them systematically. Furthermore, Sensitivity Analysis is also conducted to validate the robustness of the proposed model. The findings show that Technological barriers are the most critical impediment of BT adoption in the SCM of Bangladesh’s RMG sector. The results provide valuable guidance to decision-makers, industrial leaders, and policymakers to formulate long-term strategies for facilitating BT adoption in the RMG sector and improving its overall supply chain efficiency. This exploratory study leads to a set of research propositions and scope for future investigation on technology adoption in emerging markets.