The implementation of electric vehicles (EVs) into public transportation networks is a quickly developing field of study, accelerated by the worldwide effort to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and enhance urban air quality. This literature review explores the complex issues and progress made in the areas of electric bus routing, optimization of charging infrastructure, and vehicle scheduling. Early research primarily addressed the issue of where to locate EV charging stations. This was done by using simulation-optimization, genetic algorithms, and bi-level programming to find the best possible placement. Further studies extended to include the location-routing challenge, which involves the integration of fleet routing and charging station placement. The scheduling of vehicles, especially in multi-depot systems and considering the limited range of electric buses, has been extensively studied utilizing techniques such as Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search and mixed-integer programming. Although there has been notable advancement, there are still research deficiencies in the optimization of mixed fleets consisting of electric and diesel buses, dynamic routing within real-time limitations, and the incorporation of renewable energy sources into charging networks. This assessment integrates existing information and proposes areas for further investigation to promote the smooth incorporation of electric Buses (EBs) into urban public transportation networks.