Abstract

Batteries from Electric Vehicles often retain much of their capacity after they are considered at their end-of-life, so they can be transplanted instead to a different application. Studying the properties of these second-life batteries allows for more sustainable practices by introducing circularity in the life cycle of a battery. Investigating the degradation of SLBs gives crucial information regarding their lifespans, efficacy, and costs. This study examines the core parameters involved with SLB degradation namely state of charge, depth of discharge, C-Rate, solid electrolyte interphase, temperature, lithium plating, electrode decomposition and electrolyte conductivity. Then, technical, economic, and environmental analyses are performed to determine capacity fade, round-trip efficiency, and remaining cycling life. Considering our investigations, we then discuss the intricacies and required considerations involved with SLB use, thus providing stakeholders with practical knowledge regarding the benefits and cautions of integrating SLBs into infrastructure.