This study aims to initiate a sustainability assessment of the Thar Coal Power Plant (TCPP) by collecting preliminary data for a future Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The methodology involves benchmarking TCPP’s operational and environmental performance against high-efficiency international coal plants, including Waigaoqiao (China), Niederaussem (Germany), and Boundary Dam (Canada). Key results show that TCPP emits substantially more CO₂ and has a lower thermal efficiency compared to international benchmarks. The study focuses on the potential of IEOM tools, such as Lean Six Sigma, predictive maintenance, blockchain technology, and capacity layout planning, to improve operational efficiency and reduce emissions. This research establishes a strategic foundation for sustainable coal energy in Pakistan. It also lays the groundwork for comprehensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and effective environmental policies.