This study investigated sulphur dioxide (SO₂) removal efficiency of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) and sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) sorbents using a fixed-bed reactor, relevant to dry flue gas desulphurization (FGD) technology. A Box-Behnken experimental design was used to optimize key operational parameters, including sorbent bed mass (3 - 7g), flue gas flow rate (0.6 - 1.0 l/min), and inlet flue gas temperature (140 - 180°C), to maximize desulphurization efficiency. A simulated flue gas mixture (21% CO₂, 4% O₂, 0.03% SO₂, 74.97% N₂) was heated before passing through the reactor containing the sorbent. NaHCO₃ sorbent achieved a higher SO₂ removal efficiency of up to 81%, compared to 66% for Na₂CO₃. NaHCO₃ maintained consistent performance across varying conditions, especially with changes in flue gas flow rates and temperature levels. Na₂CO₃ exhibited sensitivity to these variables, with reduced efficiency under low flue gas temperature or high flow rates. Based on the experimental findings, a predictive model was developed correlating the operational variables and SO₂ removal efficiency. The model validation indicated a strong fit to the experimental data with R² values exceeding 0.96 for both sorbents. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) identified flue gas temperature as the most significant factor influencing SO₂ removal, followed by bed mass capacity, while flue gas flow rate had minimal impact for both sorbent materials. These findings highlight the potential of NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ as reliable sorbent materials for low-temperature dry FGD applications.