Abstract

Pressure vessels play a pivotal role in numerous industrial applications, as they are engineered to contain fluids or gases at pressures significantly above atmospheric levels. Ensuring their safety and efficiency is critical across sectors such as chemical processing, aerospace, and oil and gas. Over centuries, pressure vessel designs have evolved from simple forms in the 15th century to sophisticated constructions governed by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, established in 1911. However, pressure vessel failures still pose substantial risks, primarily due to issues like corrosion, fatigue, and inadequate maintenance protocols. The selection of suitable materials is fundamental to pressure vessel safety, emphasizing the "leak-before-break" criterion to prevent catastrophic failures. Materials such as carbon steel and stainless steel are often preferred for their ability to withstand mechanical stress and temperature fluctuations. Using the CES EduPack software, this study provides a structured approach to identifying appropriate materials and manufacturing techniques, focusing on attributes such as yield strength, fracture toughness, and corrosion resistance. Stainless Steel AISI 304, an austenitic and half-hard alloy, emerged as the optimal material due to its excellent balance of structural integrity and resistance to environmental degradation. Additionally, Manual Metal Arc (MMA) welding was selected as the most versatile and economical manufacturing method, suited to manage various thicknesses and tolerances effectively. This study concludes that integrating high-quality materials with precise manufacturing processes is essential for developing pressure vessels that meet rigorous safety and performance standards, enhancing reliability and efficacy in demanding industrial environments.