This research explores the impact of ergonomic factors on productivity in the Bangladeshi garment industry, a vital sector for the nation's economy, but characterized by challenging working conditions. The study highlights how ergonomic practices aimed at improving worker health, comfort, and efficiency can enhance productivity while reducing health issues such as musculoskeletal disorders and fatigue. Despite growing awareness of ergonomics in developing countries, the application of these principles in the Bangladeshi garment sector remains limited due to constraints in cost-effective worker solutions. The study identifies critical ergonomic factors influencing productivity, categorizing them into personal variables, workplace environment, and health issues. The fuzzy analytical network process (ANP) is employed to prioritize these factors and pinpoint areas requiring urgent intervention, such as poorly maintained equipment. The reliabilty analysis with a Cronbach`s Alpha value of 0.913, confirms the high reliability of the findings. Results from the analytical hierarchy process show that the work environment (0.68 weight) has the most singnificant impact on productivity, followed by individul characteristics (0.24 weight) and health-related issues (0.08 weight). Sensitivity analysis reveals that the industrial environment (E3) is the most influential factor, with its impact increasing as its dimensions are gradually adjusted. The findings emphasize the importance of ergonomic improvements to boost productivity and enhance worker well-being, with broader implications for other sectors.