Since the advent of Industry 4.0, manufacturing industries have been continually integrating cutting-edge technologies into manufacturing systems, creating a more complex and dynamic production environment. To maintain high product quality throughout the manufacturing processes, in-process inspection (IPI) becomes an efficient strategy, enabling prompt identification of defective parts and real-time process control through defect mitigation. Consequently, smart in-process inspection (s-IPI) has emerged as a critical research area in manufacturing. Furthermore, as manufacturing technologies advance, the relationship between humans and automation agents evolves. Industry 5.0, as the next phase in manufacturing, differs from Industry 4.0 by shifting its focus from economic gains to human social value and well-being, emphasizing a human-centric philosophy. This underscores the importance of implementing human-automation symbiosis (HAS), which fosters closer partnership and mutually beneficial collaboration between humans and automation agents. In this regard, this paper envisions s-IPI with HAS in Industry 5.0 manufacturing systems (I5MS) as an emergent research paradigm. This paper explores the integration of s-IPI into manufacturing systems and the implementation of HAS for I5MS from the task allocation and task execution perspectives. This research sets the stage for future innovations in manufacturing, ultimately contributing to the development of human-centric environments.