The interplay between surface roughness and tribology in the context of sustainable production in 3D printing is an important consideration. The quality of surfaces on 3D printed components is subject to variables such as printing technology, printer precision, material composition, and post-processing methodologies. Surface roughness plays a significant role in tribology, which encompasses friction, lubrication, and wear. The roughness of a surface can affect the frictional behavior and performance of interacting surfaces. Higher surface roughness can lead to increased friction due to the increased contact area and interlocking of asperities (microscopic surface irregularities). In the present study the authors contribute to the understanding on tribological properties of various 3D printing materials, evaluate the impact of different 3D printing techniques on tribology, and develop guidelines for improving the tribological performance of 3D printed components. The research also explores how optimizing printing process parameters and utilizing appropriate post-processing techniques can help achieve desired surface quality, reduce friction, and enhance the overall sustainability of 3D printing.