The aim of this research is to identify factors promoting motivation and to ultimately improve productivity levels in the laboratories of a water treatment and supply company in Johannesburg, South Africa. A review of the literature spanning for a period of 10 years was performed to determine the causes of motivation and demotivation from well-known theories. Two theories, closely investigated in the laboratory, were the McGregor Y Theory, Maslow Hierarchy. The researchers attempted to investigate what causes chemistry staff to be demotivated and perform poorly in the laboratory although there was an on-going continuous improvement drive based on lean thinking. This was achieved through a quantitative study by interpreting the data gathered during survey questioning with the laboratory staff. The sample chosen was based on a quota sampling selection. Results obtained from the analysis of data gathered through the questionnaires provide a clear indication of where the company’s drive for continuous improvement is and where it should be. The research was successful in showing the influence of motivational factors on productivity in the laboratory and recognizing any techniques to improve motivation amongst chemistry staff.