This paper is reviewing the causes and risks of initiating a fire in the spent fuel pool of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) and the current capabilities to extinguish or prevent spent fuel fires from occurring to propose new applications supporting preventing or mitigating spent fuel fires to ensure the safety of the people, assets, and environment. This paper addresses many lessons from the Fukushima Daiichi accident and other research experiments done on spent fuel pools. Furthermore, risk assessments such as HAZOP and FTA were developed to come up with recommendations and new preventive measures that can be implemented in BNNP and other nuclear power plants around the world.