Congestion in the container terminal stems from many external trucks queuing up to pick up or deliver containers. The congestion makes increasing of truck turnaround time which is a vital key performance indicator for both container terminal and trucking companies. Based on the results of the analysis obtained two alternative solutions; speed up container service time and control the arrival time of external trucks. Controlling the arrival time of external trucks can be done by implementing a truck appointment system. This paper categorized studies on truck appointment systems based on the methods including the determination of reservation quotas, scheduling and optimization of truck arrivals, minimization of empty truck trips, and others. The study of truck appointment systems can also be grouped based on the methodologies used, including queuing theory, mathematical models, simulations, and a combination of the two methodologies. In this paper, the research of integration and collaboration in a container terminal is also reviewed. In research on integrated scheduling in container terminals, most studies integrate scheduling in the seaside and yard area. Research that integrates scheduling starting from a seaside, yard area, and landside especially external truck operations is limited. In future research, the integrated scheduling that combines seaside and landside operations that emphasize the performance indicator of truck turnaround time and vessel berthing time is promising. The methodology to handle various stakeholder interests is agent-based. Besides, real-time scheduling is appropriate for the development of new smart port technology.