This research examines the impact of initial public offering (IPO) on the financial performance of petrochemical companies in Saudi Arabia. The research will consider the performance of four public and private firms, and compares their financial ratios such as return on assets, return on sales, current ratio, and fixed asset turnover ratio for the period of 2008 to 2018. d. A conclusion is then drawn that the public companies generally demonstrate better performance compared to the private company. In addition, the public firms’ performance is closely tied to the global oil prices and it consistently follows the same trend of oil prices. At the same time, this analysis also shows that the private petrochemical company shows noticeable improvement in ROA, ROS, and Fixed Asset Turnover ratios when the oil prices drop, as opposed to public companies.