Waste management in health institutions has become important in recent years because of the increase in population and industrialization. Waste generated from health institutions has risks for human health and the environment. Therefore, this paper presents a reverse logistics optimization for waste collection and disposal in Turkish health institutions. A multiperiod, multitype product waste reverse logistics network was designed to build an effective collection and disposal system for waste generated from health institutions in Turkey. A mixed integer linear programming model was developed to determine the optimal number and locations of the facilities for efficient waste management in health care by minimizing the total cost. In this context, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to examine the impact of the incremental changes of waste amounts on the optimal reverse logistics network. According to increasing waste amounts, the numbers of changes in facilities are analyzed and strategies are specified.