Solar light is a renewable source of energy with no bad impact on the environment. It can compensate for energy taken from non-renewable energy sources like petroleum, and fossil fuels. The fabrication of solar cells passed through several steps from 1^st generation to modern nano-material-based solar cells. One of the good solar cells is known as the cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cell which has good efficiency. Thin-film CdTe has been considered the best choice for the development of cost-effective and reliable solar cells. Efficiency has been achieved as high as 23.5% in CdTe cells in the lab in 2020, and the present techniques for CdTe solar cells stepped towards commercialization. This work will investigate the development of the CdTe solar cell in a systematic way that includes its fabrication process, back contact selection, parameters impacts, and structural modification which directly impact improving the efficiency of the solar cell. In the end, this work will discuss a brief comparison of the improved efficiency with other solar cells and its future aspects.