Abstract

An incubator is a device which is used to turn the fertile eggs hatching successfully at suitable environmental conditions by regulating the temperature and humidity of enclosure. Temperature and humidity are the parameters that are controlled in hatching egg incubator in poultry industry worldwide. To meet the high demand of poultry production artificial egg hatching is needed. There are two types of incubator such as conventional and automatic egg incubator. Incubation conditions depend on hatchability of the birds. During the hatching fertile eggs, temperature and humidity control are important factor for incubation process. But inappropriate temperature and humidity level results unwanted condition during incubation. So the temperature and humidity control in an incubator is very critical during incubation. The source of power in incubator is electrical energy. Energy is limited on earth. So properly use of energy is an important factor. By controlling the temperature and humidity efficiently we can reduce the electrical energy consumption. In this paper we have discussed different kinds of incubators and introduced a new energy saving technique in hatching incubator which can save energy. The possibility of hatching egg is about 35-40° centigrade but optimum temperature should be kept 37.5° centigrade in 21 days and humidity should be kept 55%-60% during first 18 days and 65%-70% in last 3 days. Below 35° centigrade and above 40.5° centigrade no embryo can be survived for hatching. Cooling eggs for the short time periods says 30-40 minutes out of 24 hours on the regular basis no harmful effect during incubation and probably of profit. So to reduce the energy consumption we introduced a power saving mood which keep the system shut off for 15-20 minutes within 24 hours during incubation. Using fuzzy PID control we have simulated the system in MATLAB which has improved the temperature rise time and settling time compared to the conventional egg incubator. So for 21 days there is a big amount of energy saving in kilowatt and electricity bill saving also. Calculation shows that this system is energy efficient.