Non-revenue water (NRW), also known as water produced but not billed or lost before reaching consumers, poses significant challenges for municipalities worldwide. In the Gauteng region of South Africa, water loss accounts for a substantial financial burden and resource waste. To address these issues, NRW management strategies have been developed to improve the efficiency of water utilities and reduce water loss in distribution systems. However, despite these efforts, the NRW rate remains higher than the recommended best practice. To better understand NRW management practices in metropolitan municipalities within Gauteng, a qualitative case study was conducted. Experts in the Water and Sanitation Department were interviewed to identify the strategies adopted by the municipalities to reduce water losses and address NRW, as well as the challenges they face when implementing these strategies. The study found that municipalities employ several best practices for NRW management, such as water infrastructure asset management, water metering systems, and collaborative partnerships for education and awareness. However, they also face significant challenges, including financial barriers, organizational issues, and technical constraints, which hinder their efforts to reduce water loss effectively. This study provides a comprehensive guide to enhance NRW management. By addressing these challenges, municipalities can significantly improve the efficiency of NRW management, reduce water losses, and contribute to sustainable water resource management while enhancing service delivery and reducing financial burdens on water authorities.