Indonesia's horticultural sector has grappled with a persistent challenge: Food Loss and Waste (FLW). This issue not only represented a drain on resources but also jeopardized food security, diminished farmer incomes, and contributed to greenhouse gas emissions. To confront this, our study introduced a strategic model focused on risk mitigation within the chili supply chain, employing the Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP) approach. This work built upon previous research that integrated Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). We fortified the empirical foundation of our FANP analysis with quantitative findings drawn directly from FMEA. The FMEA results pinpointed several critical risk factors that drove FLW in the chili agro-supply chain of Kabupaten Malang, Indonesia: coordination failures (Risk Priority Number/RPN = 630), harvest uncertainty (RPN = 560), and poor post-harvest handling (RPN = 448). These key risks were instrumental in the construction of the FANP decision network, allowing us to map the interdependencies between evaluation criteria and potential mitigation strategies. By leveraging Triangular Fuzzy Numbers, the FANP model navigated the inherent uncertainty in expert judgments and enabled clearer prioritization among the relative importance of various mitigation alternatives. The analysis solidified FANP's capability to systematically rank interrelated strategies, offering crucial decision support in complex, multi-criteria environments. Ultimately, the integrated FMEA–FANP framework provided a robust analytical foundation for minimizing FLW, boosting operational efficiency, and fostering greater supply chain sustainability. These findings were a vital contribution to national endeavors to reduce food loss, build more resilient value chains, and propel Indonesia toward a circular, low-carbon economy.

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Mrs. Rini Oktavera