Electric vehicles, which are powered by energy generated from batteries, provide transportation solutions that are environmentally friendly, energy-efficient, and inexpensive to operate and maintain. E-motorcycle technology is an attractive option to be developed in Indonesia because of the large number of motorcycle users. Besides, several e-motorcycles have started circulating in the Indonesian market. E-motorcycle can grow rapidly if it is supported by facilities in certain areas that can be used to swap batteries or recharge batteries because the batteries used have a maximum capacity so electric vehicles also have limited mileage. This recharging cannot be done just anywhere because it requires a lot of power, so it is necessary to build a separate charging facility. To anticipate the development of e-motorcycle usage in the city of Surakarta, it is necessary to plan and design a network of this charging facility. This also takes into account the limited costs and the fulfillment of the needs of all-electric vehicle users in Surakarta, which are spread across five districts. Therefore, the optimal supply chain network model is needed to achieve these goals. This study proposes a supply chain network model for charging station facilities in the city of Surakarta to achieve the greatest possible coverage with the least number of charging stations and the minimum investment costs. Gas stations spread across the city are potential locations to be chosen as charging stations. The model used to solve the problem is built from a combination and modification of the models in relevant previous studies. The integer linear programming method is used to achieve optimal solutions and the model is run using CPLEX with four different scenarios. The model generates selected candidates site and determines which candidate sites are the supply for each demand point. The results of this study are expected to provide insight, recommendations, and input to the city government of Surakarta to support the acceleration of e-motorcycle usage.

Keywords

e-motorcycle, charging station, facility location, supply chain network design