Nanotechnology is the branch of science and engineering that involves the study of particles at a dimension of as low as between 1 and 100 nanometers. These fine particles, referred to as nanoparticles, mostly are undetectable by human eye and they find wide application in various fields ranging from drug delivery and chemotherapy, magnetism, optics, because of their remarkable traits and endearing properties they possess. This study therefore reviews the recent advancements in nanotechnology and nanoparticles. It dealt with different approaches in synthesis nanoparticles. The physicochemical properties and classifications of nanoparticles were highlighted in the review.