Track: Human Factors and Ergonomics

Abstract

Shoveling with conventional spades has some level of hazards attached. This study assessed work-related injuries associated with sand Shoveling in Nigeria sand mines work stations. The goal was to identify the risk factors of associated injuries among workers involve in manual handling of the materials.  A non-probabilistic sampling techniques was used to assess 115 workers on the job. Scooping rate, scooping length, shovel weight, throw height, throwing distance, break time among others, were measured and compared with the literature standards. A questionnaire and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) was used to collect data from the subjects. More than 72% of all task variables deviated from the recommended. The measured shovel handle average height (0.98±0.18 m) was shorter than the users’ average chest height (1.21±0.14 m). The sand Shoveling task was characterized with ceaseless/lengthy scooping period, high speed throwing motion, awkward lifting and use of inappropriate shovels. Shoulder and Low Back Pains (LBP) were the commonest injuries. The study noted inadequate information on the significance of right use of shovel. It therefore suggested need for relevant ergonomics trainings among the group of workers.