Natural resources have been diminishing, and even depleting as well as such issues as climate change, global warming, globalization, competitiveness, social concerns have been arising. Furthermore, increasing levels of industrialization, hence production ecosystems have been playing a vital role in the emergence of these environmental, financial, and social conditions. Therefore, blending sustainability pillars into manufacturing environments has been turning into more than a necessity when taking into today`s environmental, financial, and social conditions account. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to determine and weigh social, economic, and environmental sustainability criteria to be considered in the selection of the Industry 4.0 technologies, which is a holistic production paradigm, in creating a sustainable production ecosystem. In line with the data obtained from the sample consisting of decision-makers being employed in the petrochemical industry, the main and sub-criteria of the sustainability dimensions are weighted with fuzzy DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory), which is one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods. The results of the analysis are further employed in the selection of the Industry 4.0 alternative.