Hydroponic farming has emerged as an efficient and sustainable agricultural method, particularly suitable for urban and resource-constrained environments. This study integrates Internet of Things (IoT) technologies with automated control systems to optimize the growth of Red Oak lettuce. Key environmental parameters—temperature (maintained between 20°C and 30°C), humidity (averaging 52.5%), and nutrient solution pH (kept between 6.6 and 7.2)—were precisely controlled using an IoT-enabled system. Experimental results demonstrated a 15% improvement in plant yield and a 10% reduction in water and nutrient usage compared to traditional methods. By employing the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) with LED lighting and automated monitoring, the system achieved consistent plant growth and resource efficiency. This research underscores the transformative potential of IoT in hydroponic farming, providing a scalable solution for modern agriculture.
Integration of IoT and Automated Systems for Optimized Hydroponic Cultivation of Red Oak Lettuce
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