Abstract

The year 2023 is confirmed as the hottest calendar year in global temperature data records since 1850. One of the causes of global warming is the production of carbon emissions. To promote a low-carbon future globally, the Paris Agreement was adopted on December 12, 2015, and signed by all countries. Indonesia is one of the countries with a large energy reduction target of 30-41%. One of the challenges to realize this is Indonesia's large energy demand, which is one of the largest emission-contributing sectors. Through PLN's long-term plan, Indonesia targets a large increase in the number of hydropower plants until 2030 as one of the best energy source options. One of the breakthroughs made is the use of pumped storage hydropower plants. However, pumped storage hydropower plants are new in Indonesia and the investment value to build pumped storage hydropower plants is very large. With various uncertainty or risk factors from the financial aspect, a study is needed that further assesses the financial feasibility of building a pumped storage hydropower plants by considering factors. Based on the research results, it is found that 3 risk factors can affect the financial feasibility of pumped hydropower development, namely selling price, investment cost, and operational and maintenance cost.