Abstract

The Russo-Ukrainian War, which erupted on 24 February 2022, prompted over 6 million internally displaced people
(IDPs) within the first month. Forced to flee to other oblasts, the IDPs faced shortages of shelter, food, and medical
care. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the efficiency, effectiveness, and equity of in-kind humanitarian aid dona-
tions to Ukraine during the crisis, identifying critical bottlenecks causing delays and scarcities in relief item delivery.
Methodology: A mixed-methods approach is employed, combining quantitative analysis of border crossing data and
aid distribution patterns with qualitative case studies of specific aid operations. Social media data is analyzed to assess
donor preferences and media influence. Findings: Border crossing inefficiencies significantly impact aid delivery,
with wait times up to six days. Mismatches between supplied items and actual needs compromise effectiveness, par-
ticularly in medicine, fuel, and winterization supplies. Media visibility influences donor preferences, often leading
to inequitable aid distribution. Decentralized postal systems show promise in mitigating some challenges, while cen-
tralized transportation proves superior for diverse item delivery. Originality: This study provides a comprehensive
analysis of in-kind donation logistics in a complex, ongoing crisis, offering insights into the interplay between effi-
ciency, effectiveness, and equity in humanitarian aid. Practical implications: Recommendations include optimizing
border crossing procedures, balancing donor preferences with actual needs, and leveraging a mix of centralized and
decentralized distribution methods to enhance aid delivery in conflict zones