Abstract

This paper aims at discussing the developments of different cost models as well as their use in manufacturing firms. It starts by presenting the historical background of cost accounting, from the basic process of allocating direct costs to more modified models used in the current manufacture. The paper also shifts focus to tables and models and analyzes the main cost models, which cover; Activity Based Costing, Standard Costing, Job Order Costing, Process Costing, Lean Accounting, Target Costing, and Marginal Costing. Every identified model is discussed in detail, and the emphasis is placed on its general principles, methodologies, and practical use. In addition, the paper described the implementation of artificial intelligence in cost modeling so as to advance the chances of accuracy, efficiency, and effective decision making in manufacturing. In this regard, the paper compares the strengths and weaknesses of each model and assists manufacturers in choosing the right approach. The research also assesses the new trend in cost modeling, which includes artificial intelligence, predictive analytics, and cloud solutions as major developmental trends for cost management in the manufacturing industry. Altogether, the present paper outlines the main issues and drawbacks of current cost models and might be useful for orientation for manufacturers who strive to enhance their cost management and remain competitive in the climate of constant change in industrial relations.