Abstract

This study addresses the critical challenge in blood and blood component management, where uncertainty in demand and supply results in a delicate balance between shortages and waste, especially in developing countries. The lack of these resources can worsen health conditions and lead to loss of life. The objective is to investigate supply chain simulation and optimization methods, focusing on reducing costs and shortages. It is concluded that significant advances are concentrated in the management of the stock of blood products, with a notable gap in the planning of blood collection in blood centers. There is continued interest in whole blood and platelets, with the application of integrated methods and algorithms to improve the management of these resources, particularly in studies of Asian origin. The need for comprehensive investigations into the integral management of the supply chain, including logistical aspects, is highlighted. Although simulation methods have been identified, research suggests the need for detailed studies on the advantages of each method. The study highlights the urgency of exploring and improving collection strategies to optimize the supply of blood and blood components. The contribution lies in identifying the stages of the supply chain and supporting theories that advocate optimization and simulation to reduce costs, scarcity, and waste in this context.