Low productivity is a persistent challenge in diverse industries, necessitating ongoing efforts to identify and rectify its underlying causes. Factors influencing productivity, such as workplace conditions and management practices, are of paramount importance. This study focuses on the crucial steel industry, which plays a foundational role in the economic development of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), serving as a catalyst for numerous associated businesses. The primary objective is to conduct an in-depth exploration of the factors affecting productivity within the UAE's steel industry. This research aims to comprehensively identify these factors, assess their relative significance, and evaluate their impacts using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a decision-making methodology to provide insights that can empower productivity improvement initiatives and enhance the overall efficiency of the steel manufacturing system.