Constructed wetlands (CWs) have recently gained significant interest in urban wastewater treatment as decentralized sanitation alternatives. This paper seeks to understand the practices, principles, and emerging themes in constructed wetlands as domestic wastewater treatment systems. The PRISMA methodology and the archival research methods were used to identify papers published in the last ten years through Scopus and Google Scholar. The results showed that about 29% were performance analysis studies, and 60 % were pilot studies, indicating genuine interest in the systems but a very low implementation rate. Pollutant removal in CWs is influenced by the plant species, microorganisms, and media type. Water reuse is the significant advantage of CWs, with agriculture being the most reuse activity. The study was limited in that it focused mainly on domestic wastewater. Therefore, future research is encouraged to see the performance of CWs in treating high-strength wastewater.