This study investigates the reverse logistics scenario in the Sorocaba Metropolitan Region (RMS), highlighting regional disparities, economic potential, and sustainability gaps. While grounded in the National Solid Waste Policy (Law No. 12.305/2010), the paper emphasizes the challenges of implementing reverse logistics beyond legislative frameworks. Using socio-economic and productive indicators, the research identifies opportunities for waste reuse and regional development. However, the findings stress the need for clearer policy alignment, stakeholder coordination, and performance-based strategies. The RMS is analyzed as a unique case due to its mixed urban-rural dynamic, industrial clusters, and potential to serve as a model for mid-sized metropolitan regions in Brazil.