In recent years, the continuously growing municipal solid waste (MSW) has been a global concern due to growing urbanization, dynamic changes in the market, and the harmful impact of MSW on the environment. Hence, collecting the generated waste from different sources and transporting it to different disposal options is the beginning of achieving sustainability. To remain an environment-friendly, long-term economically growing and social supportive system, ensuring the integration of sustainability in the collection and transportation (C&T) phase is of particular importance for the municipal solid waste management (MSWM) system. Thus, this paper identifies the critical success factor for sustainable C&T of the MSWM system for Indian cities. These factors are analyzed further to understand the relationship of one another and importance of the successful sustainable C&T through Interpretive Structural Modelling and Fuzzy-MICMAC. The findings will be helpful for decision-makers in taking decision on adoption of these factors.