Nowadays, knowledge is considered a key strategic resource for organizations, crucial for obtaining long-term sustainable competitive, and many organizations are making efforts toward the implementation of knowledge management (KM) initiatives. Although companies are increasingly competing based on their ability to effectively manage knowledge, there are still numerous challenges for organizations that intend to implement KM practices. This paper presents the results of a case study conducted in a multinational company implementing a KM initiative, describing the implementation approach and investigating the critical factors for its success. In general, the results indicate the importance of the people-processes-technology trio in the implementation of KM, with greater focus on the organization and people, with some factors such as organizational culture, top management support and leadership, KM strategy and performance measurement. It is expected that these results can contribute as a consultative tool to support the preparation of strategies in this area by organizations wishing to implement KM initiatives.